During the past 28 years the research in this NIH-funded laboratory (www.nachrs.org/) has been focused on ion-channel structure, ion-channel lipid interactions, and ion-channel-related disorders. Research areas include: (1) the structure-function relationships of nicotinic receptors, (2), the role of lipid-protein interactions and lipid composition in acetylcholine receptor function, (3) the question of how genetically abnormal ion channels give rise to neurodegeneration in congenital myasthenia, (4) the disruption of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory response (CAR) regulated by a7-nAChRs in macrophages in HIV-seropositive patients, (5) regulation of the 7-neuronal nicotinic receptor in HIV-associated dementia, (6) HIV vaccine development initiative, and (7) studies toward a high-resolution structure of the Torpedo californica nAChR and, more recently, a4b2-nAChR.